How Did The French Revolution Undermine Democracy

Qianying Sui Global 10D 1.23.16 PBA Essay: How did the French Revolution Undermine Democracy Since 1789, increasing discontent for food shortage and dire living conditions in France triggered massive protests against the Old Regime. By overthrowing Louis XVI and absolute monarchy, French citizens began to march toward democracy. However, the desire for participating in political decisions became so radical that fueled by internal and external conflicts, people shifted away from the principles they drew up. To restore stability and enforce laws, the government turned more centralized. Unlike what the revolution intended initially, its ending with Napoleon’s dictatorship totally resembled what it was like before. Such turmoil throughout the revolution merely undermined democracy despite its original aim to increase the public voice in politics. The establishment of the National Assembly that integrated different classes of people into one government signifies the growing public voice in political arena as citizens urged an end to hunger and unfair taxation system. Ever since King XVI summoned the Estates General to tackle the problems of food shortage and economic crisis, the Third Estate, who represented every French except the clergies and the nobles, has been constantly demanding for more voting rights to make people’s hardship known to the king and the other two estates. They thus assembled lists of grievances from citizens throughout France which called for a limit toShow MoreRelatedThe Declaration Of Rights Of Women And A Public Speech By Frederick Douglass933 Words   |  4 PagesThe French Revolution produced many changes both in France and in Europe as a whole. The most evident change brought by the French Revolution was the move from absolutism to republicanism that represents a shift towards democracy. 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Ethics of Red Cross - 1495 Words

HEALTH CARE ETHICS AND SOCIAL RESPONSIBILITY Michael B. Boone Code of Ethics A Look at the American Red Cross Date: January 25, 2015 The American Red Cross has been known to be one of the most humanitarian organizations in the United States and throughout the world aiding and helping in different series of generous contributions in many disaster areas as well as bringing health care advancement to communities in the Unites States and in the world that need help in development (Dulles, 2014). For an organization it is important to make sure that their values and organizational ethics are reflected in what they do and how they do within the organization as well as the community. In order to speak about ethics it is important†¦show more content†¦As the Red Cross continues to grow and the develop of technology the organizations has a social responsibility to obtain and maintain it volunteers as well as the people that assist with donation involve in the development and changes in the organization An organization has a social responsibility in the community to provide good service and morally adequate support to their community. The Red Cross is an organization that globally takes blood donations to better others in need of this service. They have a social responsibility to provide a pleasing environment to their clients and to uphold their ethical policies and standards; this is one of much way the organization maintains the community evolves and also aids the community back. 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Cruelty of Capital Punishment Essay Example For Students

Cruelty of Capital Punishment Essay Capital punishment is the legal infliction the death penalty. It is obviously the most severe form of criminal punishment. (Bedau1)Capital punishment is a controversial way of dealing with violent criminals. The main alternative to the death penalty is life in prison. Capital punishment has been around for thousands of years as a means of eradicating criminals. A giant debate started between supporters and opposers of execution, over the morality and effectiveness of the death penalty. The supporters claim that if you take a life you should pay with your life or an eye for an eye. Opposers of the death penalty bring up the chance of sentencing the innocent and how the death penalty is inhumane. The purpose of this paper is to examine the process of capital punishment and the moral viewpoints on the death penalty. The first evidence of capital punishment is from Hammurabis code, a book of Babylonian law, from 1700BC. The Bible mentions that execution should be used for many crimes. (B edau1) One example of the death penalty in the bible is Whoever strikes a man so that he dies shall be put to death. (Exodus 21:12). The bible also suggests stoning a woman if she unmarried sex and had wrought folly on Israel by playing the harlot in her fathers house (Deuteronomy 22:21) England recognized seven major crimes that called for execution by the end of the 15th century. These crimes were: murder, theft (by deceitfully taking someone goods), burglary, rape, and arson. As time went by more and more crimes were believed to deserve the death penalty and by 1800 more than 200 crimes were recognized as punishable by death. (Bedau2) It was not long before capital punishment met opposition. The Quakers made first movement against execution. They supported life imprisonment as a more humane justice. Cesare Beccaria wrote On Crimes and Punishment, a book criticizing torture and the death penalty, in 1764. Cesare drove many other philosophers, like Voltaire and Jerry Bentham, to qu estion the validity of using capital punishment. (Bedau2) Contrary to what some may believe the process of sentencing a defendant is a very arduous and time-taking ordeal. After he has been arrested as the suspect of a crime the defendant will either tried in a state or federal court system. The lowest court that a litigant can be sent to is the Court of General jurisdiction (state level) or the US District Courts (federal level). Any time in the trial the defense may choose to appeal. Even if a suspect is sentenced to a crime the case may be appealed for a variety of reasons. The defendants lawyer could claim that the defendants rights were violated when he was arrested, that the defendant received an unfair trial, or new evidence that could prove the defendants innocence has surfaced. (Guernsey,16) Next the appeal is taken to the Intermediate Appellate Courts (state) or the US Courts of Appeals (federal) who will decide if the trial court has erred in some way. If the appeal is gr anted In the state court system the appellate will be sent to the State Supreme Court, or in the federal system, to the supreme. From the State Supreme Court the case may be appealed again to the Supreme Court. Once the case has reached the supreme court the verdict is final. (Guernsey,15) This monotonous appealing process is the reason for the excess of inmates on death row today. An inmate can spend 6-10 years on death row during the appellate process. (Guernsey, 20) In fact only about one in 1900 prisoners (.053%) on death row have served the death penalty. (http://www.hotsites.com/) Alabama, Florida, Georgia, Louisiana, and Texas have carried out about three-quarters of all executions since 1976. (Guernsey,22) There has been a controversy over the death penalty ever since the Quakers fought for reform in the 1700s. .uea0b10e62c39a3289abc52c69b7f496c , .uea0b10e62c39a3289abc52c69b7f496c .postImageUrl , .uea0b10e62c39a3289abc52c69b7f496c .centered-text-area { min-height: 80px; position: relative; } .uea0b10e62c39a3289abc52c69b7f496c , .uea0b10e62c39a3289abc52c69b7f496c:hover , .uea0b10e62c39a3289abc52c69b7f496c:visited , .uea0b10e62c39a3289abc52c69b7f496c:active { border:0!important; } .uea0b10e62c39a3289abc52c69b7f496c .clearfix:after { content: ""; display: table; clear: both; } .uea0b10e62c39a3289abc52c69b7f496c { display: block; transition: background-color 250ms; webkit-transition: background-color 250ms; width: 100%; opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #95A5A6; } .uea0b10e62c39a3289abc52c69b7f496c:active , .uea0b10e62c39a3289abc52c69b7f496c:hover { opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #2C3E50; } .uea0b10e62c39a3289abc52c69b7f496c .centered-text-area { width: 100%; position: relative ; } .uea0b10e62c39a3289abc52c69b7f496c .ctaText { border-bottom: 0 solid #fff; color: #2980B9; font-size: 16px; font-weight: bold; margin: 0; padding: 0; text-decoration: underline; } .uea0b10e62c39a3289abc52c69b7f496c .postTitle { color: #FFFFFF; font-size: 16px; font-weight: 600; margin: 0; padding: 0; width: 100%; } .uea0b10e62c39a3289abc52c69b7f496c .ctaButton { background-color: #7F8C8D!important; color: #2980B9; border: none; border-radius: 3px; box-shadow: none; font-size: 14px; font-weight: bold; line-height: 26px; moz-border-radius: 3px; text-align: center; text-decoration: none; text-shadow: none; width: 80px; min-height: 80px; background: url(https://artscolumbia.org/wp-content/plugins/intelly-related-posts/assets/images/simple-arrow.png)no-repeat; position: absolute; right: 0; top: 0; } .uea0b10e62c39a3289abc52c69b7f496c:hover .ctaButton { background-color: #34495E!important; } .uea0b10e62c39a3289abc52c69b7f496c .centered-text { display: table; height: 80px; padding-left : 18px; top: 0; } .uea0b10e62c39a3289abc52c69b7f496c .uea0b10e62c39a3289abc52c69b7f496c-content { display: table-cell; margin: 0; padding: 0; padding-right: 108px; position: relative; vertical-align: middle; width: 100%; } .uea0b10e62c39a3289abc52c69b7f496c:after { content: ""; display: block; clear: both; } READ: Cider House Rules Essay (Bedau1) This conflict has two sides: those in favor of capital punishment, and those who view life without parole (LWOP) as a more humane alternative. Supporters of the death penalty rationalize executing because if a man takes a life he should pay for it with his own or an eyefor an eye, a tooth for a tooth. They also use verses from the Bible like, Whosoever sheds a mans blood, by man shall his blood be shed (Genesis 9:6), and Exodus 21:12 to show that Christianity supports it. They claim that executions deter other criminals from killing in fear of being executed. However, this could never been proven since it would be very difficult to link a drop in murders to knowledge of recent executions. Those who oppose the death penalty have come up with many reasons that life in prison without parole, or LWOP, is a better means of dealing with violent criminals. One reason is the risk of executing the innocent. (Bedau1) This risk is very small considering that since 1900 only 23 people, who were possibly innocent, were executed. (http://www.hotsites.com) Those who oppose the death penalty claim that the number of blacks is disproportion ate to that of women and white men. (Bedau1) This has been proven to be true and is the most vital argument of the opposers. Wealth and fame take a pivotal part in the trial of a defendant. Poor defendants are give court-appointed lawyers; however, rich and famous defendants can afford fancy lawyers. (Bedau1) One example of this is the OJ Simpson trial. If OJ was a normal middle to lower class person he would not be able to afford lawyers like Johnny Cochran and would probably have been found guilty. There are many forms of execution. Some have been labeled barbaric and forbidden nearly everywhere. Currently the only accepted means of execution are: electrocution, the gas chamber, firing squad and lethal injection. (Bedau1) The firing squad is only used it Utah upon request. (Guernsey, 54) Montana, New Hampshire andWashington are the only states that allow hangings. (55) The electric chair was introduced in New York in 1890 and is now used in 24 states. (Bedau2) The criminal is seat ed in a chair. Electrodes are attached to the head and a leg. Pulses of 2000 volts are sent through his body for about three minutes or until he appears to be dead. The fact that the electrodes reach 1900C and the brain reaches the boiling point causes one to doubt the humanity of this practice. (Guernsey, 53) Lethalinjection is thought to be the least painful method of execution. The person is strapped down and a given a deadly dose of barbiturates via IV. (Bedau2) However this process also has its flaws. It took technicians 45 minutes of sticking to find a proper vein for the injection(Guernsey, 59) on Peter Morin. Needles have also been know to fly out in the middle of the injection. (59) The gas chamber was first used in Nevada in 1924. (Bedau2) The prisoner is strapped into a chair and cyanide gas is administered through a hole in the floor. Death takes from three to four minutes, but prisoners have been known to go into convulsions or choke to death on the gas. (Guernsey, 59)A fter learning about our modern methods of execution one wonders if these methods are humane. Is being struck with enoughelectricity to cause the eyeballs pop out of their sockets any better than being beheaded? (Guernsey, 59) Is the death penalty cruel and unusual punishment? We must devise more sane methods of execution which are quick and efficient. Most importantly we must make the appeals process more orderly to cut down on the glut of inmates on death row, and therefore cut down on the money wasted housing prisoners during the appeals process. Works Cited 1. Bedau, Hugo Adam Capital Punishment Encarta 96 Encyclopedia(CD-ROM) Microsoft Corporation, 1996. .ufce01b60f9cedba03e1a8ff2c185af4e , .ufce01b60f9cedba03e1a8ff2c185af4e .postImageUrl , .ufce01b60f9cedba03e1a8ff2c185af4e .centered-text-area { min-height: 80px; position: relative; } .ufce01b60f9cedba03e1a8ff2c185af4e , .ufce01b60f9cedba03e1a8ff2c185af4e:hover , .ufce01b60f9cedba03e1a8ff2c185af4e:visited , .ufce01b60f9cedba03e1a8ff2c185af4e:active { border:0!important; } .ufce01b60f9cedba03e1a8ff2c185af4e .clearfix:after { content: ""; display: table; clear: both; } .ufce01b60f9cedba03e1a8ff2c185af4e { display: block; transition: background-color 250ms; webkit-transition: background-color 250ms; width: 100%; opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #95A5A6; } .ufce01b60f9cedba03e1a8ff2c185af4e:active , .ufce01b60f9cedba03e1a8ff2c185af4e:hover { opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #2C3E50; } .ufce01b60f9cedba03e1a8ff2c185af4e .centered-text-area { width: 100%; position: relative ; } .ufce01b60f9cedba03e1a8ff2c185af4e .ctaText { border-bottom: 0 solid #fff; color: #2980B9; font-size: 16px; font-weight: bold; margin: 0; padding: 0; text-decoration: underline; } .ufce01b60f9cedba03e1a8ff2c185af4e .postTitle { color: #FFFFFF; font-size: 16px; font-weight: 600; margin: 0; padding: 0; width: 100%; } .ufce01b60f9cedba03e1a8ff2c185af4e .ctaButton { background-color: #7F8C8D!important; color: #2980B9; border: none; border-radius: 3px; box-shadow: none; font-size: 14px; font-weight: bold; line-height: 26px; moz-border-radius: 3px; text-align: center; text-decoration: none; text-shadow: none; width: 80px; min-height: 80px; background: url(https://artscolumbia.org/wp-content/plugins/intelly-related-posts/assets/images/simple-arrow.png)no-repeat; position: absolute; right: 0; top: 0; } .ufce01b60f9cedba03e1a8ff2c185af4e:hover .ctaButton { background-color: #34495E!important; } .ufce01b60f9cedba03e1a8ff2c185af4e .centered-text { display: table; height: 80px; padding-left : 18px; top: 0; } .ufce01b60f9cedba03e1a8ff2c185af4e .ufce01b60f9cedba03e1a8ff2c185af4e-content { display: table-cell; margin: 0; padding: 0; padding-right: 108px; position: relative; vertical-align: middle; width: 100%; } .ufce01b60f9cedba03e1a8ff2c185af4e:after { content: ""; display: block; clear: both; } READ: Morse Telegraph Essay2. The Bible 3. Bedau, Hugo A. Capital Punishment Grolier Multimedia Encyclopedia (CD-ROM) Grolier Electronic Publishing, Inc. 1995. 4. Guernsey, JoAnn Bren. Should We Have Capital Punishment?. Minneapolis: Lerner Publications Co., 1993. 5. http://www.hotsites.com/fightback/jfa/DP.html (website)6. Bender, David L., and Bruno Leone. The Death Penalty Opposing Viewpoints. San Diego: Greenhaven Press, Inc., 1991.